替拉米酥
Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts Dennis Fixler Bureau of Economic Analysis 24 February 2009 Paper presented at ASSA meetings in San Francisco, January 2009 Accounting information as political currency* Karthik Ramanna Harvard Business School and Sugata Roychowdhury MIT Sloan School of Management This draft: March 31, 2008 Abstract: We test whether accounting can be used as political currency. Our setting is the US congressional election of 2004, where outsourcing of US jobs was a campaign issue. We find that the largest corporate donors to principal candidates in closely watched congressional races manage earnings downwards in the two quarters immediately preceding the 2004 election. We find no evidence of such downwards earnings management among corporate donors to candidates in all other congressional races. Election outcomes for candidates are also systematically associated with the extent of donors' downwards earnings management in closely watched races, but not all other races. The findings are consistent with firms managing accounting information in circumstances where this is likely to benefit allied politicians. 哈佛商学院2008年3月31日
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财务分析在财务管理中的作用参考文献
财务管理关系着企业的生存以及发展，企业领导者高度的重视企业的'财务管理。下面是我分享的财务分析在财务管理中的作用的参考文献，欢迎阅读!
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yangdandan
Businesses recognize impairment when the financial statement carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its fair value and is not recoverable. A carrying amount is not recoverable if it is greater than the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected from the asset’s use and eventual disposal. FASB defines impairment loss as the amount by which the carrying value exceeds an asset’s fair value. CPAS need not check every asset an entity owns in each reporting period. When circumstances change indicating a carrying amount may not be recoverable, CPAS should test the asset for impairment. A test may be called for when one or more of these events occur: A significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset. A significant change in how a company uses a long-lived asset or in its physical condition.
vi设计论文参考文献 按照字面的意思，参考文献是文章或著作等写作过程中参考过的文献。下面是我整理的vi设计论文参考文献，欢迎大家分享。 [1]王舒颖.《嘟嘟馕馕
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