创艺麦香包
[摘要]根据自己在编审医学论文英文摘要工作中的实际经验，总结和归纳在翻译医学论文摘要时应注意的问题及使用的方法、策略，重点论述医学论文英文摘要的写作格式、文章标题的表达方式、语态和时态的使用、长难句翻译等。[关键词]医学论文；英语摘要；写作；翻译为繁荣医学教育，提高医疗水平，传播医学知识，促进同国外的医学交流，推动医学科学的进步，我国目前已出版发行了数百种医学期刊。为了方便论文的检索和查阅，保持同国外医学期刊的一致性，医学论文大多要求书写中、英文摘要。笔者在医学期刊的英文编辑工作中发现，相当一部分摘要的书写不够规范，部分作者在遇到长句及疑难句子时就不知从何下手，有的将检索的外文资料生搬硬抄，同自己的原文完全不对应。笔者特撰写此文，以期对提高广大医务工作者书写英文摘要的水平、提高医学论文的质量有所帮助。1 英文摘要的写作格式医学论文摘要的格式目前主要采用结构式摘要(structured abstract)，它是由加拿大Mc Master大学临床流行病学和生物统计学教授Haynes博士[1]于1990年4月首先提出的。而几乎在同年，美国《内科学纪事》(Annals of Internal Medicine'Ann Intern Med)在国际上率先应用结构式摘要[2]，随之，世界各国的医学期刊都采用了结构式摘要[3]。这些结构式摘要有8段式、7段式、6段式、5段式、4段式及3段式等，内容主要包括研究目的、研究设计、研究单位、研究对象或病人、处理方法、检测方法、结果及结论共8项。而在实际应用中，8段式结构式摘要逐渐简化为4段式。我国大多数医学期刊都采用了4段式结构式摘要，即目的、方法、结果和结论。（1）目的(objective)：简要说明研究的目的，表明研究的范围、内容和重要性，常常涵盖文章的标题内容。（2）方法(methods)：简要说明研究课题的设计思路，使用何种材料和方法，如何对照分组，如何处理数据等。（3）结果(results)：简要介绍研究的主要结果和数据，有何新发现，说明其价值及局限。此外，还要给出结果的置信值，统计学显著性检验的确切值。（4）结论(conclusion)：简要对以上的研究结果进行分析或讨论，并进行总结，给出符合科学规律的结论。为了更好地说明问题，我们来看下例：（1）目的：探讨螺旋CT(SCT)对结、直肠癌术前分期的价值。（2）方法：51例疑诊结、直肠肿瘤的患者行SCT扫描，扫描前清洁肠道，并经直肠注气，扫描范围从膈顶至耻骨联合。51例中，41例经直肠镜或手术病理证实为结、直肠癌，其中31例有手术、SCT等完整资料参与分期研究，将影像诊断与手术病理结果进行对照。（3）结果：SCT总的分期准确率为(18/31)，判断T分期的准确率为(27/32)'N分期的准确率为(19/31)。评价肿瘤浆膜外侵犯的敏感性和特异性分别为和。（4）结论：SCT扫描对结、直肠癌的术前分期有重要价值，有助于判断肿瘤浆膜外侵犯及区域淋巴结和远处转移情况。其对应的英文摘要为：（1）Objective：To evaluate spiral CT (SCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinomas. （2）Methods：Fifty?one patients suspicious of having colorectal carcinoma underwent spiral CT scans performed from the dome of the diaphragm to symphysis pubica after cleansing enema and rectal air insufflation. 41 of the 51 patients were proved to have colorectal carcinoma by colonoscopy and/or pathology. The findings of SCT of 31 patients treated with surgery were compared with the surgical pathological examination for staging.（3）Results：The overall accuracy rate of SCT staging was (18/31). For evaluation of T staging and N staging'the accuracy rates were (27/32) and (19/31). Sensitivity and specificity for serosal infiltration were and .（4）Conclusion：SCT scan'playing a significant role in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinoma'is useful to detect the serosal infiltration'lymph node and distant metastasis.上述摘要中英文对应准确，叙述简练，基本上概括了全文的主要内容，便于专家和编辑的审稿和校对，也便于医务工作者以及普通读者的查阅和检索。
爱吃糖z
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
chensilong812
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the "teacher-student role reversal Law" teaching method in clinical medicine professional "rehabilitation medicine," teaching effectiveness. Methods of clinical medicine at school 96 students in group teaching, in which 48 students in the experimental group a "teacher-student role reversal Law" teaching methods in the control group 48 students using traditional teaching methods. Two groups of students after school at the same time a theoretical examination and questionnaire. Results In the experimental group of students the theory of test scores than the control group (p <), and the two groups of students the theory of the good test scores difference was statistically significant (p <); experimental group of students interest and motivation in learning, knowledge, memory and understanding, self-learning ability and problem-solving ability better than the control group (p <). Conclusion "teacher-student role reversal Law" teaching methods in the "rehabilitation medicine," an effective method in teaching.[Key words] the roles were reversed; teaching methods; Rehabilitation Medicine; AnalysisAbstract spastic cerebral palsy is the most common form of cerebral palsy, their motor dysfunction is manifested mainly delayed motor development, abnormal posture, tendon hyperreflexia, increased muscle tone and so on. Based on principles of Bobath therapy, Bobath ball in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy children in motor dysfunction could play a very good words spastic cerebral palsy; motor function; Bobath Ball1，“师生角色互换法”教学法在《康复医学》教学中的应用探析 2，Bobath球在改善痉挛型脑瘫运动功能障碍中的应用"Teacher-student role reversal Law" Approach in the "rehabilitation medicine," Teaching of Analysis, Bobath ball with spastic cerebral palsy in improving motor dysfunction of
奇异果香
论文摘要一般指内容提要,分为英文摘要和中文摘要,以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。下面是我为大家精心整理的医学论文英文摘要格式，仅供大家参考。 一、标点符号 1、中英文标点混用: 经常出现英文里夹有中文逗号和句号，中文标点占一个字距，英文标点占半个字距，很明显是不同的。英文中如果冒出了占地多、又很粗大的逗号、引号、括号等，可能就是错用了中文标点。如: He says，“What?” 2、英文标点后空格问题: 英文标点后都要空格，看起来是个挺简单的原则，但受中文的影响，有人打字时就总是忘了空格。更有甚者，把字打成了先空格再加标点。这些错误在外国人眼里都是很明显的，因为外国人特别注意断句。 3、英文中没有的符号: 英语中没有顿号和书名号，在表示并列时用逗号。例如red、yellow、blue and black. 应该写成red，yellow，blue and black.《Beijing Youth Daily》应该写成Beijing Youth Daily。 4、中英文省略号的区别: 中文为中六点，英文为下三点。常见的错误是英文中用了居中的三个黑点 xxx… ，即用了中文省略号的一半。 二、数字 1、在正文中，数字10 以下用英语拼出， 10 以上包括10 用 *** 数字 序数词10 以下用英语拼出，10 以上 包括10用 *** 数字，如the 10th lunar month， the second lunar month 注意: th 不做上标 。带小数点的数字全部用 *** 数字表示，如 和 等。数字超过1000，必须表达为1,000。 2、百分数范围的书写: 每个百分数后面的“%”都要重复写出，例如“50% ～70%”不能写成“50 ～70%” 3、数字与单位之间要空格，例如: km，m 和cm等与前面的数字之间要空格，例如1， 000 km，而不要连在一起。 有关推荐：
容妆淡淡
[摘要] 目的 探讨“师生角色互换法”教学方式在临床医学专业《康复医学》教学中的应用效果。方法 对在校96名临床医学专业学生进行分组教学，其中实验组48名学生采用“师生角色互换法”教学方式，对照组48名学生采用传统教学方式。课后对两组学生同时进行理论考试和问卷调查。结果 实验组学生的理论考试成绩优于对照组（p＜），且两组学生理论考试成绩的优良率差异有统计学意义（p＜）；实验组学生在学习兴趣和主动性、知识的记忆和理解、自学能力和解决问题能力方面要强于对照组（p＜）。结论 “师生角色互换法”教学方式在《康复医学》教学中应用效果较好。[关键词] 角色互换；教学方法；康复医学；探析【摘要】痉挛型脑瘫是脑瘫中最常见的一种，其运动功能障碍主要表现为运动发育滞后、异常姿势、腱反射亢进、肌张力增高等。依据Bobath疗法的原理，Bobath球在治疗痉挛型脑瘫儿童的运动功能障碍方面可以起到很好的作用。【关键词】痉挛型脑瘫；运动功能；Bobath球 [abstract] objective law "and" role exchange in clinical teaching method in the teaching of rehabilitation medicine specialized application effect. Methods of clinical medicine in 96 professional students, including experimental group teaching by 48 students "and" teaching mode role exchange control, 48 students adopts the traditional teaching mode. After two groups of students and theory test and questionnaire. The result of the exam scores than theory of students in control group (p < ), and two groups of students' theory test scores are statistically significant differences between rate (p < ), Students in learning interest and initiative, knowledge and understanding of memory and self-study ability and problem solving ability than control group (p < ). Conclusion "and" teaching mode role exchange in the teaching of rehabilitation medicine application effect is good.[key] role exchange, Teaching methods, Rehabilitation, exploring[in] spasm of cerebral palsy type cerebral palsy is one of the most common, and its main function obstacle for sports development lags behind, abnormal posture, tendon hyper-reflexia, increased muscle tension, etc. According to the principle of Bobath therapy in the treatment of Bobath ball movement of cerebral palsy children borderline dysfunction can have very good effect.[key] spasm of cerebral palsy, Movement function, Bobath ball1，“师生角色互换法”教学法在《康复医学》教学中的应用探析2，Bobath球在改善痉挛型脑瘫运动功能障碍中的应用1, "the role of teacher teaching method" in the exchange of rehabilitation medicine application2, the ball in improving spasm Bobath type cp motor dysfunction application辛苦~~
论文摘要一般指内容提要,分为英文摘要和中文摘要,以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。下面是我为大家精心整理的医学论
易火贝木 6人参与回答 2023-12-07 s why more and more people are being active in various kinds of sports and exerc
简单已逝 5人参与回答 2023-12-05 论文摘要一般指内容提要,分为英文摘要和中文摘要,以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。下面是我为大家精心整理的医学论
A-水灵儿^O^ 3人参与回答 2023-12-12 [摘要]根据自己在编审医学论文英文摘要工作中的实际经验，总结和归纳在翻译医学论文摘要时应注意的问题及使用的方法、策略，重点论述医学论文英文摘要的写作格式、文章标
吃货在学厨 5人参与回答 2023-12-11 论文摘要一般指内容提要,分为英文摘要和中文摘要,以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。下面是我为大家精心整理的医学论
潘朵拉的音乐 4人参与回答 2023-12-11