科技论文英文写作模板

想要写一篇优秀的英文科研论文，就要先知道什么是优秀的论文什么不是。 编辑不喜欢看到的文章类型： （1）逻辑混乱的文章 （2）用语不当夸大其词或表述有误 （3）语法和其他错误百出

通常而言一篇科研论文包含以下部分： Title Abstract Introduction Results Discussion Materials and Methods Acknowledgements

标题是编辑或者阅读者首先看到的，因此取一个好标题至关重要。 我们要用最少的单词概括出文章的主题，对标题有以下三点要求： 1.简洁，完整，易懂 2.避免出现化学式或特殊符号 3.通常采取以下三种形式：短语式、句子式和主副式，比如： 短语式： Cyro-EM structure of human DNA-PK holoenzyme A vital sugar code for ricin toxicity 句子式： Suppression of MAPK11 or HIPK3 reduces mutant Huntingtin level in Huntington's disease models Intermittent fasting promotes adipose thermogenesis and metabolic homeostasis via VEGF-mediated alternative activation of macrophage 主副式： Class I histone deacetylases are major histone decrotonylases: evidecnce for critical and broad function of histone crotonylation in transcription

Abstract的目的是为了帮助读者快速了解文章的内容。 有以下几个要求： 1.独立性和完整性 可以单独存在并能够传达全文核心思想 2.简洁、准确、逻辑性强 因为Abstract有字数限制，我们必须用短短几句话说明全文的核心思想，因此每一个单词和句子都要仔细斟酌 3.形式符合期刊的规范 以发表在Cell Research 的‘5-Hydroxymethylcytosine signatures in cell-free DNA provide information about tumor types and stages’为例：

Green：课题背景 高亮：结果（可以简单提实验方法） 红线：总结（可以适当展望提升）

1.介绍本文研究领域的发展状况（mini-review） 介绍内容一定是与本文主线最相关的研究背景。重要的点一定要涉及到。细节处可以在文中提及时再介绍。 2.通过讨论本研究领域为解决的问题（包括自己之前发表论文未解决的问题），自然过渡到介绍你的实验目的和重要性。 3.在结尾简单介绍本研究所做的内容和结论。 注意： 一定要在有限的篇幅内全面介绍已知科学背景，但是不要过度铺开，只要围绕文章主线着重介绍相关的背景即可。

相对而言这是一篇文章最轻松的部分，但是此部分也是最容易犯错的部分。通常方法材料部分的语法检查最不仔细，常见问题包括：时态、单复数、主动被动语态

1.逻辑很重要，有条理的叙述故事。注意段与段间的逻辑。可以在每一部分的小结果的开篇写一些承上启下的句子以连接段落。

讨论是相对难写的部分，讨论不是对结果简单的罗列，而是对结果进行更为深入的讨论： 你的研究解决了领域中哪些问题和疑惑 你的研究提出了哪些新的可能 以后应该怎样去进一步研究等 一般，还可以在结尾处再总结一下自己的研究成果

1976年，William Zinsser在《On Writing Well》提出优秀写作的三原则：

被动态包括：宾语+谓语+主语，或宾语+谓语 eg： Upon the chemical treatment, the activation of XX signaling pathway could be observed. 可以修改为： We could observe the activation of XX signaling pathway upon the chemical treatment.

General dysfunction of the immune system has been suggested in both mouse and human studies. 可以修改为： Both mouse and human studies suggested that XX (disease) cause general dysfunction of the immune system.

1.不需要介绍性短语。例如：as it is published; as it is known

2.去掉没有意义的词。例如: important

3.啰嗦的词简化，把精力花在主要的句子上 a majority of ->most a number of ->many all four of the ->the four due to the fact that ->because give rise to ->cause

4.重复意义的词或句子用一个 limit condition, output performance

5.剪掉一些副词：very, really, quite

6.用肯定语气 not harmful ->safe does not have ->lacks not correct ->wrong be not the result of A but B ->reflect B rather than A

7.不要常用there is/are There are many ways in which we can handle this case. ->We can handle this case in many ways.

The data suggest there is an association between temperature and crop diseases. ->The data suggest an association between temperature and crop diseases.

It is likely that there exists functional redundancy among XX proteins. ->It is likely that functional redundancy among XX proteins exists.

8.用标点符号来改变句式，精简语言 分号(semicolon): 连接两个独立的从句。 圆括号(parenthesis): 加入解释或一些想法，即使没有这部分句子也应该是独立的。 冒号(Colon): 分隔能力弱于分号，比破折号要正式。用于列举，引用，举例，第二个从句是第一个从句的延伸。 破折号(dash): 表示强调，解释或定义。留给重要的用处。

在英文写作中我们常犯的问题： 1.科学用语的准确性 2.时态错误（描述实验过程结果时用过去式，总结实验结果时用现在时） 3.单复数错误 4.'a','an','the'的使用错误 5.比较不对等： The root length of XX mutant is shorter than wild type rice. The root length of XXmutant is shorter than that of wild type rice. 6.用词或句式单一 7.语序问题 8.句子过长 9.使用口语化用词

When my father was young,he practiced Chinese calligraphy every day and enjoyed Peking Opera with my grandfather on weekends.Now as his daughter,I type in English when communicating with my friends and enjoy surfing on the Internet during holidays.When I enjoy the pleasure and convenience that new technologies have brought me,some people cry out that as technology develops traditional cultures must be lost.Is it true that we cannot have both?Different as my lifestyle is from that of my father,I still believe that the development of technology won＇t lead to the loss of tradition.On the contrary,it will facilitate the development of traditional cultures. Some people draw the conclusion that technology leads to the loss of tradition because they find nowadays many people,especially the young,take interest in new things like the Internet,thus make less contact with traditional cultures. However,decreased popularity isn＇t equal to loss.With the development of technology,we have more choices of arts and entertainments.In other words,many new forms of culture are coming into existence,which provide people with more choices rather than threaten the existence of the traditional ones.In actuality,if we look at the tradition itself,we can find that great achievements have been made in many fields with the development of technology.New operas are on show; new researches about history are going on; new facts about historical cities have been found; all of which can prove that technology can stay peacefully with traditions. In fact,technology works far beyond that. The development of technology boosts that of the tradition. On one hand,new technologies make the research for traditional cultures possible as well as provide advanced techniques of reserving historic masterpieces.Take calligraphy as an example,new ways of illumination,which is the fruit of Hi-tech,can prevent the color of scripts from fading.On the other hand,the rapidly developing media such as the Internet and communication satellite provide traditional cultures with a stage to face the whole world.As we can see,after the short piece of ad of Shanghai Expo.,more people will know the beautiful melody of "Jasmine." In addition,if we look back to history,we can find out that it was always in the era when economy developed greatly that cultures prospered the most. No doubt that the development of technology can guarantee that of economy,which eventually influences the prosperity of culture. As we all see,the development of technology brings us richness,making the research and development of cultures affordable brings us more leisure time,making our desire to enjoy ntertainments possible.After all,as the great philosopher Marx aid,"economy determine