论文初稿外文参考文献

英文论文写作参考文献

参考文献是文章或著作等写作过程中参考过的文献，文后参考文献是指为撰写或编辑论文和著作而引用的有关文献信息资源。

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[1] Zhixin W, Chuanwen J, Qian A, et al. The key technology of offshore wind farm and its new development in China[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, 13(1)：216-222.

[2] Shahir H, Pak A. Estimating liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations by numerical approach[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2010, 37(3)： 267-279.

[3] Hausler EA. Influence of ground improvement on settlement and liquefaction:a study based on field case history evidence and dynamic geotechnicalcentrifuge tests. PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley; 2002.

[4] Kemal Hac efendio lu. Stochastic seismic response analysis of offshore wind turbine including fluid‐structure‐soil interaction[J]. Struct. Design Tall Spec. Build.,2010,

[5] Arablouei A, Gharabaghi A R M, Ghalandarzadeh A, et al. Effects of seawater–structure–soil interaction on seismic performance of caisson-type quay wall[J]. Computers &Structures, 2011, 89(23)： 2439-2459.

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[1] T. Paulay and J. R. Binney. Diagonally Reinforced coupling beams of shear Walls[S].ACI Special Publication 42, Detroit, 1974, 2: 579-598

[2] Lam WY, Su R K L, Pam H J. Experimental study of plate-reinforced composite deep coupling beams[J]. Structural Design Tall Special Building, 2009(18)： 235-257

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[4] Siu W H, Su R K L. Effects of plastic hinges on partial interaction behaviour of bolted side-plated beams[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2010, 66(5)：622-633

[5] Xie Q. State of the art of buckling-restrained braces inAsia[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2005, 61(6)：727-748

[6] Kim J,Chou H. Behavior and design of structures with buckling-restrained braces[J].Structural Engineering, 2004,26(6)：693-706

[7] Tsai K C, Lai J W. A study of buckling restrained seismic braced frame[J].Structural Engineering, Chinese Society of Structural Engineering, 2002, 17(2)：3-32

[8] Patrick J. Fortney, Bahrem M. Shahrooz, Gian A. Rassati. Large-Scale Testing of a Replaceable “Fuse” Steel Coupling Beam[J]. Journal of Structural 2007:1801-1807

[9] Qihong Zhao. Cyclic Behavior of traditional and Innovative Composite Shear Walls[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, Feb. 2004:271-284

论文英文参考文献格式如下：

1、引用中的省略。原始资料的引用：在正文中直接引用时，应给出作者、年份，并用带括号的数字标出页码。若有任何资料省略，使用英文时，应用3个省略号在句中标出……，中文用6个若两句间的资料省略，英文应用4个省略号标出‥‥，中文用6个……。

2、大段落引用。当中文引用超过160字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式引用起于新的一行，首行缩进4个空格，两端对齐，之后每行都缩进。

3、基本格式。同作者在同一段中重复被引用时，第一次必须写出日期，第二次以后则日期可省略。英文文献：In a recent study of reaction times, Walker (2000) described the method…Walker also found…。

4、单一作者，英文文献：姓氏出版或发表年代或姓氏，出版或发表年代。例如：Porter 2001…或…Porter，2001。

注意事项：

不同期刊，不同专业，不同高校的毕业论文对格式的要求不尽相同。引用类型主要分为期刊（Journal）、书籍（Book-Chapter）、专利（Patent）、会议（Conference）和毕业论文（Thesis）等。

强烈建议使用文献管理软件，通过选择格式类型自动填充。这样能省去大量繁琐的整理文末文献格式的工作。

可以有以下三种写法，具体看你们的参考文献格式要求：

Grout I. Digital systems design with FPGAs and CPLDs[M]. Newnes, 2011.

Grout, Ian. Digital systems design with FPGAs and CPLDs. Newnes, 2011.

Grout, I. (2011). Digital systems design with FPGAs and CPLDs. Newnes.

参考文献的类型

参考文献（即引文出处）的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：

M——专著 、C——论文集 、N——报纸文章。

J——期刊文章 、D——学位论文、 R——报告。

对于不属于上述的文献类型，采用字母“Z”标识。