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英专论文开题报告怎么写

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英专论文开题报告怎么写

英语专业论文开题报告模板 题 目:呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫性格的双重性的分析一、选题的目的、意义(理论、现实)和国内外研究概况 1.目的和意义:《呼啸山庄》是十九世纪英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特生平创作的唯一一部小说。小说的故事情节主要是围绕希斯克厉夫和凯瑟琳的爱情展开的,希斯克厉夫的“爱一恨一复仇一人性复归”既是小说的精髓,又是贯穿作品始终的线索。评论家们对这部经典文学作品历来意见纷纭,尤其是对小说中的男主人公希斯克厉夫的讨论。评论家们对小说中希斯克利夫的性格从不同的方面进行了分析。全面而深入地分析希斯克厉夫这一人物对我们更好地研究小说起至关重要的作用。 小说中最精彩的部分就是希斯克厉夫与凯瑟琳之间的爱情故事,他们之间的爱情已远远超出了一般意义上的爱情,可以说是一种超人间的爱。但也就是这种爱情的产生和发展成了主人公西斯科历夫的性格中双重性形成的一个关键原因。本课题从西斯科历夫的被虐与自虐,懦弱与勇敢来分析主人公的性格成因,从而促使读者更好的理解艾米丽的呼啸山庄 2.国内外研究概况: 国内外许多的专家学者都对呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫的性格进行了分析。许多的专家学者从不同的角度分析了希斯克利夫的性格的双重性形成的原因进行分析,有的从社会背景原因进行了分析。有些学者认为他的性格是扭曲而自虐的,而有的学者则认为他是爱情中的英雄,敢爱敢恨。 许多的学者对希斯克利夫性格的成因进行了分析如闫红梅,张润翻译的艾米莉·勃朗特.呼啸山庄中说到因为欣德利“那样对待希斯克利夫,圣徒也会被他变成恶魔的” 。刘风辉也在《复杂的双面人》中说道希斯克利夫特殊的性格完全是他周围的环境所造成的。毋庸置疑,金钱主宰一切是当时社会的标准,贫穷是可耻的。无论是否因你的过错而导致的贫穷,无论是否你有努力的过程,只要你现在仍是衣衫褴 褛 ,你就注定遭受耻辱。贫穷带来的无穷无尽的耻辱生活就像一把刻刀,不断雕刻、改变着希斯克利夫的性格。而陈一萍在《希斯克利夫是浪漫主义英雄还是恶魔》中认为上帝是有报复性的,人类不会比他做得更好,希斯克利夫他不能超脱于人性,他也会为他所受到的.伤害进行报复。因此,从多角度出发,综合多种角度对希斯克利夫的性格分析有着重大的意义。 二、本课题的理论依据、研究内容和研究方法、步骤及进度安排 1.研究内容: 本课题对呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫的性格的双重性的形成进行分析,分析希斯克利夫性格中自虐与被虐的原因,在爱情中勇敢与懦弱的双重性性格成因。 首先会分析希斯克利夫在幼年时作为一个正常人得性格特征。 【幼年时的被虐】 其次分析长大后的希斯克利夫在复仇中所表现出来的冷酷与扭曲的性格。 【希斯克利夫的自虐】 再次:从希斯克利夫复仇后的性格分析,在他双重性的性格下是人性的扭曲。 最后通过对希斯克利夫的性格的分析,可以得到人性的回归。 2.研究方法: 查阅法:通过对相关文献进行查阅,从多种角度了解西斯科利福性格的成因。 分析法:通过对艾米丽笔下的西斯科历夫的性格分析,分析他性格双重性形成的原因。 比较法:通过西斯科厉夫的被虐与自虐,勇敢与懦弱进行对比。 3.步骤: 选题——开题——初稿——完善——截稿 4.进度安排: 11月 提交开题报告 12月 完成初稿 4月 完成论文写作 三、本课题的重点、难点,预期结果和成果形式 1.本课题的重点、难点: 本文将从西斯科历夫的被虐与自虐,勇敢与懦弱进行分析,从他最开始的正常性格到后来的性和扭曲的变化分析他性格中双重性的形成原因。以及他性格中的勇敢与懦弱也注定了他性格的扭曲。分析中凯瑟琳是一个影响西斯科厉夫的重要人物,而他们的爱情则是他性格双重性形成的至关重要的原因。最后,不论西斯科历夫的性格怎样扭曲,始终抵不过人性,从他最后的结局我们看到了人性的回归。 2.预期结果: 能够做到分析定位,表达清楚,提高对英文小说中人物性格的准确分析,达到论文研究的目的。 3.成果形式: 论文 ;

英文论文开题报告写作技巧

导语:一篇优秀的英语论文离不开开题报告的撰写。那么,如何写好开题报告成为同学们非常苦恼的问题。下面是我分享的英文论文开题报告的写作技巧,欢迎阅读!

开题报告的一般内容

课题来源、开题依据和背景情况,课题研究目的以及理论意义和实际应用价值。

文献综述。在阅读规定文献量(不少于50篇,其中外文文献占40%以上)的基础上,着重阐述该研究课题国内外的研究现状及发展动态,同时介绍查阅文献的范围以及查阅方式、手段。

主要研究内容。包括学术构思、研究方法、关键技术、技术路线、实施方案、可行性分析、研究中可能遇到的难点、解决的方法和措施以及预期目标。

拟采用的实验手段,所需科研和实验条件,估计课题工作量和所需经费,研究工作进度计划。

主要参考文献,列出至少10篇所查阅参考的文献。

写好开题报告的技巧

提出问题注意“层次”

在提出问题时,要以“内行”看得懂的术语和明确的逻辑来表述。

选题来源包括:与自己实际工作或科研工作相关的、较为熟悉的问题;自己从事的专业。

问题发展迅速,需要综合评价;反映本学科的新理论、新技术或新动向的题目。

所选题目不宜过大,越具体越容易收集资料,从某一个侧面入手,容易深入。

瞄准主流文献,随时整理

文献资料是撰写好学术论文的基础。选择文献时应选择本学科的核心期刊、经典著作等,要注意所选文献的代表性、可靠性及科学性;选择文献应先看近期的(近3~5年),后看远期的,广泛阅读资料,有必要时还应找到有关文献所引用的原文阅读,在阅读时,注意做好读书卡片或读书笔记。

整理资料时,要注意按照问题来组织文献资料,写文献综述时不是将看过的资料都罗列和陈述出来,而是要按照一定的'思路将其提炼出来。只有这样,才能写出好的文献综述,也才能写出好的开题报告,进而为写出好的论文打下基础。

研究目标具体而不死板

一般开题报告都要求明确学位论文的研究目标,但笔者认为,研究目标不宜规定得太死板,这是因为,即使条件一定,目标是偏高还是偏低,往往难于准确判断,研究工作本身,涉及求知因素,各个实验室条件不同,具体研究时条件也不同。学位论文选题和研究目标体现了研究工作的价值特征。

搜索技能篇

google学术搜索

google学术搜索的功能可以说是相当强大,这里先介绍了几个实用的小技能~

查找图书馆试用资源

试试搜索栏里输入:"intitle:试用数据库 inurl:lib" 便可以快速找到各高校图书馆的免费资源了。这些密码虽然持久不了,但是足够解燃眉之急。这是一个密码页。你可以保存起来,说不定今后你会用到它们。

需要说明的是:百度查找中文的期刊还是很管用,因为百度中文页面更新很快,而google在中文方面就不是很在行了,但是英文网页,google则是一个星期更新一次,频率较快,优先采用检索国外数据!

站内直接搜索

谷歌对于一些流量大户,比如知乎,直接在搜索结果页面呈现了站内搜索框,很是方便。

InfoSeek

提供全文检索功能,并有较细致的分类目录,还可搜索图像。网页收录极其丰富,以西文为主,支持简体和繁体中文检索,但中文网页收录较少。查询时能够识别大小写和成语,且支持逻辑条件限制查询(AND、OR、NOT等)。高级检索功能较强,另有字典、事件查询、黄页、股票报价等多种服务。

Wolfram Alpha

图表数据伸手可得的神器!

Wolfram Alpha是一个绘图计算器、在线图书馆、和搜寻引擎的综合体。它不像Google一样给出零碎的混杂的内容,而是直接将每一帧信息拼接成有效的影像,更直观地呈现结果。

举个例子,想要了解中国人口数量变化,Wolfram Alpha会直接给出折线图;相当的方便、直观。

英文论文开题报告是一篇高质量论文的开始,只有良好的开端,才可以给你的论文奠定坚实的基础。

最新英语论文的开题报告范文

1 introduction

the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).

dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.

a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.

the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.

in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.

2 outline

2.1 development and major concepts of dts

in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.

2.2 methodolgy

i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.

2.3 dts in contrast to other theories

a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.

2.4 case study

in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.

2.5 conclusion

based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.

(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)

英语教育专业论文开题报告怎么写

英语论文开题报告范文 function and application of descriptive translation studies 1 introduction the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis. since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts). dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context. my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community. the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis. a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm. the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches. in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts. 2 outline 2.1 development and major concepts of dts in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc. 2.2 methodolgy i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm. 2.3 dts in contrast to other theories a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study. 2.4 case study in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random. 2.5 conclusion based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also. (note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.) 0 000

1.开题报告作为毕业设计(论文)答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一.此报告应在指导教师指导下,由学生在毕业设计(论文)工作前期内完成,经指导教师签署意见审查后生效.2.开题报告内容必须用黑墨水笔工整书写,或按系统一设计的电子文档标准格式打印(外语系网页),禁止打印在其它纸上后剪贴,完成后应及时交给指导教师签署意见.1.本课题的研究意义2.本课题的基本内容3.本课题的重点和难点4.论文提纲6.研究进度毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告 指导教师意见:(对本课题的深度,广度及工作量的意见)指导教师:年 月 日 系部审查意见:系部负责人:年 月 日

Giving Life Meaning

附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)“it is therefore pointless to try to make tc more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(wilss, 1982: 217)‘“噢,这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐,您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰,1990:59-60) 附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)wilss, wolfram. the science of translation – problems and methods. gunter narr verlag tubingen,1982.newmark, peter. a textbook of translation. new york: prentice hall, 1988.delabastita, dirk. translating puns: a false opposition in translation studies. target, 1991(3:2):137-152. 专业: 研究方向: 作者: 导师: 写作时间: — 对外经济贸易大学英语学院(英文)school of international studiesuniversity of international business and economicspragmatic strategies in advertising: implicatureswang yinga thesis submitted to school of international studies of university of international business and economicsin partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of artsapril 2002beijing, china参考资料:

英语文学论文开题报告怎么写

开题报告主要包括以下几个方面: (一)论文名称 论文名称就是课题的名字 第一,名称要准确、规范。准确就是论文的名称要把论文研究的问题是什么,研究的对象是什么交待清楚,论文的名称一定要和研究的内容相一致,不能太大,也不能太小,要准确地把你研究的对象、问题概括出来。 第二,名称要简洁,不能太长。不管是论文或者课题,名称都不能太长,能不要的字就尽量不要,一般不要超过20个字。 (二) 论文研究的目的、意义

我只知道语言学的大体上可以这么写,不了解文学的怎么写。

论文开题报告基本要素

各部分撰写内容

论文标题应该简洁,且能让读者对论文所研究的主题一目了然。

摘要是对论文提纲的总结,通常不超过1或2页,摘要包含以下内容:

目录应该列出所有带有页码的标题和副标题, 副标题应缩进。

这部分应该从宏观的角度来解释研究背景,缩小研究问题的范围,适当列出相关的参考文献。

这一部分不只是你已经阅读过的相关文献的总结摘要,而是必须对其进行批判性评论,并能够将这些文献与你提出的研究联系起来。

这部分应该告诉读者你想在研究中发现什么。在这部分明确地陈述你的研究问题和假设。在大多数情况下,主要研究问题应该足够广泛,而次要研究问题和假设则更具体,每个问题都应该侧重于研究的某个方面。

你要是找国涛期刊,就不会出现这种问题了好不好?论文著作权实行自愿登记,论文不论是否登记,作者或其他著作权人依法取得的著作权不受影响。我国实行作品自愿登记制度的在于维护作者或其他著作权人和作品使用者的合法权益,有助于解决因著作权归属造成的著作权纠纷,并为解决著作权纠纷提供初步证据。 (1)文后参考文献不编序号,仅在文末按其重要程度或参考的先后顺序排列。(2)文后参考文献不注页码。(3)文后参考文献的著录项目及次序与注释基本相同。1) 著录参考文献可以反映论文作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的科学依据,也反映出该论文的起点和深度。2) 著录参考文献能方便地把论文作者的成果与前人的成果区别开来。3) 著录参考文献能起索引作用。4) 著录参考文献有利于节省论文篇幅。

论文的开题报告怎么写英文版

开题报告 英文范文

开题报告英文如何书写呢?开题报告英文范文有着怎样的内容呢?下面是我分享的开题报告英文范文,欢迎大家阅读。

一、论文题目: classroom interaction and oral english teaching

二、研究现状:

对于课堂互动与英语口语教学之间的关系,国内的研究主要集中在:

(1)构建主义模式 它是以构建主义理论为基础的互动模式,司洪海在《构建主义理论与英语口语教学》中从对现有教学模式的“反思”入手,探讨将构建主义引入英语课堂教学的必要性、可行性及其意义和作用。

卢艳春和路雅琴在《构建主义与大学英语口语课堂教学》中则分别“从构建知识观”“构建学习观”“构建教学观”入手,强调以学生为中心的主动性、构建性。

(2)角色扮演模式 徐志敏、王瑛在《大学英语课堂互动教学中角色扮演探究》中着重探讨了在角色扮演的互动教学中教师的作用,对指导教学实践具有重要的意义。

而黄玉兰在《角色扮演引入英语专业口语教学中》从角色扮演是“多为互动英语口语教学模式的应用”探讨了角色扮演这一教学方法的目的、步骤和利弊等方面。

(3)以学生为中心模式 这一模式被单独研究的较少,黄影秋在《以学生为中心提高英语口语课堂教学效果的探索中》通过对学生口语课堂学习存在的问题的分析,提倡“以学生为中心”,实现教与学的`“双边互动”。并提出阐述如何运用其他“教学策略提高口语的教学效果”,促进学生交际能力的提高。而刘蓉在《谈英语口语课堂互动》中则提出了互动可以创造“以学生为中心的口语课堂和整体小组作业模式”,提高口语交际能力。

(4)合作性学习模式 这种模式的研究较为普遍和盛行,它兴起于美国,在后来取得实质性的进展的一种教学理论与策略。黄艳在《合作性学习在大学英语课堂的应用》中提出了以下几种合作模式,从而的出该模式的优势所在。顾晓乐在《合作性学习与情景剧表演》中从情剧表演的角度来证明合作性学习的有效性。肖巧玲在《大学英语口语教学中的合作学习》中则通过合作学习在口语教学中的实践探究合作学习应注意的原则。而慕东文在《合作性学习的特点、目标、内容和实践策略》一文中,他用“人文精神和平等民主合作”原则,对待新的理念,指导英语口语教学。

(5)情景设置模式 它主要是根据gillian brown & george yuled的语言情景对第二语言习得者的交际紧张、焦虑的研究表明口语情景设置不适当,会影响学生用目标语进行交流,进而强调进行口语教学情景设置的重要性。张舍茹、孙边旗在《英语口语教学的情景设置>>中就论述我们应注意“情景互动教学中应遵循的原则”,及如何设置“英语口语教学中情景设置的形式”两个小方面局部性的探讨了情景设置这种互动模式。

孙久荣在《论英语口语课的情景教学》中对情景设置这个模式从宏观上进行了分类,进而得出“开放式情景”和“封闭式情景”,为情景设置互动模式研究开辟了一个小领域。

三、研究的目的及意义:

通过对目前已经发展起来并比较成熟的几种互动模式的归纳来看:关于人际互动这种互动模式在目前的互动性研究中被单独研究还比较少,没有被当作一种独立的模式应用到英语口语课堂教学中,它更多的是被贯穿到其他几种互动模式当中。因此,本论题认为它还有进一步研究的空间。

四、研究的理论依据和研究方法:

本论题将以教育心理学的理论为基础,以互动理论和构建主义理论为依据,运用归纳总结的方法对已有的研究进行宏观上的概述,从而引出本文论题,通过例证分析、验证人际互动模式对课堂英语口语教学效果的提高所具有的重要意义。

五、提纲:

introduction

chapter one definition and theoretical basis of interaction

1.1 definition of interaction

1.2 theoretical basis of interaction

1.3 some main interactive modes in the present classroom

chapter two the necessity and the principles of following interaction-teaching mode

2.1 the disadvantage of traditional oral english teaching mode

2.2 the necessity and merit of taking interaction-teaching mode

2.3 oral english interaction-teaching mode should follow the principles

chapter three personal interaction in the oral english teaching

3.1 the relationship between the teacher and students

3.2 two types of personal interaction

3.3 classroom climate

3.4 classroom size

chapter four the evaluation of the interactive oral english teaching mode

4.1 some principles should follow when evaluating

4.2 the concept of evaluating

4.3 the technology of evaluating

conclusion

六、参考文献

jonssen, dh..thinking technology: toward a constructivist design model [j].educational technolgy. 3 (1994): 34-35.

littlewood, william. communicative language teaching [m].cambridge: cambridge university press .1981.

卢艳春, 路雅琴.“构建主义与大学英语口语教学.” 前沿杂志. 11 (XX):98-100.

司洪海.“构建主义理论与英语口语教学.” 基础英语教育. 4 (XX):8-9.

吴蕾.“构建主义在英语口语教学中的应用.” 东华大学学报(社科版).7 (XX年):23-24.

范雄飞, 黄玉兰.“把角色扮演引入英语专业口语教学之中.”读与写杂志. 9 (XX):35-37.

徐志敏, 王瑛.“大学英语课堂互动教学中角色扮演探究.” 外语研究. 8 (XX):56-57.

黄影秋.“以学生为中心提高英语口语课堂效果.” 济南职业学院学报. 3 (XX年): 81-88.

何亚娟.“中学英语课堂互动教学的探索与实践.” 渭南师院学报. 12 (XX): 72-73.

顾晓乐, 黄芙蓉.“合作学习与情景剧表演.” 国外外语教学. 2 (XX):55-56.

黄艳.“合作性学习在大学英语课堂的应用.” 长沙大学学报. 10 (XX年):145-146.

慕东文.“合作性学习的特点、目标、内容和实践策略.” 甘肃农业. 6 (XX):304-305.

孙边旗,张舍茹.“英语口语教学的情景设置.” 教育理论与实践 8 (XX):37-39.

孙久荣.“论英语口语课的情景教学.” 辽阳师专学报 21 (XX):87-89.

系别: 外语系 专业:英 语 所选题目名称:

English Idioms and Their Cohesive Function

课题研究现状:

English idioms are an important part of the English vocabulary. The general tendencies of present-day English are towards more idiomatic usages. Halliday and Hason (1976) pointed out that there are three functions of English idioms (ideational function, interpersonal function and textual function). Another scholar, Fernando C. (1996), also made valuable contributions to the understanding of idiomatic expression_r of coherent text, and in the creation of stylistic effects.

Chinese linguists like Hu Zhuanglin (1994, 1996), Zhu Yongsheng (1995, 1996, 1997) and Zhang Delu (1994) mainly made contributions to the study of textual cohesion.

课题研究目的:

This paper is firstly intended to define English idioms and analyze the features of them. It then explores the cohesive function after careful analysis and discussion, attempting to arouse the concern of using idioms appropriately and help readers make full use of the cohesive function for communicating more concisely and idiomatically, thus more effectively.

课题研究内容:

As English idioms are much alive in everyday English, a close look at the function of idioms must be taken. This dissertation includes the following five aspects: 1. Introduction

2. A General Study of English Idioms 2.1 The Definition of English Idioms 2.2 Features of English Idioms

3. Cohesive Function of English Idioms 3.1 Cohesion

3.2 Functional Categories

3.3 Cohesive Function of Relational Idioms 3.4 Cohesive Function of Other Idioms

4. The Cohesive Function in Terms of Syntax And Pragmatics 4.1 Syntactic Cohesion 4.2 Pragmatic Function 5. Conclusion

课题研究计划:

January 22-March 10: question posing of the research and collection of materials March 11-March 25: analysis of the materials and writing of an outline

March 26-April 30: completion of the first draft and seeking supervisor’s advice May 1?June 10: refinement of the paper according to teacher’s suggestion

June 11?June 22: finalization of the thesis based on the set requirements after the defence

主要参考文献:

[1] Fernando, C. Idioms and Idiomaticity. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000

[2] Halliday, M.A.K. and R. Hason. Cohesion in English. Longman Press, 1985

[3] Lakoff, G. and M. Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. University of Chicago Press, 1980

[4] Makkai, A. Idiom Structure in English. The Hague Press,1972

[5] 林承璋. 英语词汇学引论[M]. 武汉大学出版社,1987

[6] 陆国强. 现代英语词汇学[M]. 上海外语教育出版社, 1999

[7] 汪榕培, 卢晓娟. 英语词汇学教程[M]. 上海外语教育出版社, 1999

指导教师意见:

签字: 年 月 日 领导小组意见:

签字: 年 月 日

附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)“it is therefore pointless to try to make tc more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(wilss, 1982: 217)‘“噢,这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐,您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰,1990:59-60) 附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)wilss, wolfram. the science of translation – problems and methods. gunter narr verlag tubingen,1982.newmark, peter. a textbook of translation. new york: prentice hall, 1988.delabastita, dirk. translating puns: a false opposition in translation studies. target, 1991(3:2):137-152. 专业: 研究方向: 作者: 导师: 写作时间: — 对外经济贸易大学英语学院(英文)school of international studiesuniversity of international business and economicspragmatic strategies in advertising: implicatureswang yinga thesis submitted to school of international studies of university of international business and economicsin partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of master of artsapril 2002beijing, china参考资料:

英文论文开题报告写作技巧

导语:一篇优秀的英语论文离不开开题报告的撰写。那么,如何写好开题报告成为同学们非常苦恼的问题。下面是我分享的英文论文开题报告的写作技巧,欢迎阅读!

开题报告的一般内容

课题来源、开题依据和背景情况,课题研究目的以及理论意义和实际应用价值。

文献综述。在阅读规定文献量(不少于50篇,其中外文文献占40%以上)的基础上,着重阐述该研究课题国内外的研究现状及发展动态,同时介绍查阅文献的范围以及查阅方式、手段。

主要研究内容。包括学术构思、研究方法、关键技术、技术路线、实施方案、可行性分析、研究中可能遇到的难点、解决的方法和措施以及预期目标。

拟采用的实验手段,所需科研和实验条件,估计课题工作量和所需经费,研究工作进度计划。

主要参考文献,列出至少10篇所查阅参考的文献。

写好开题报告的技巧

提出问题注意“层次”

在提出问题时,要以“内行”看得懂的术语和明确的逻辑来表述。

选题来源包括:与自己实际工作或科研工作相关的、较为熟悉的问题;自己从事的专业。

问题发展迅速,需要综合评价;反映本学科的新理论、新技术或新动向的题目。

所选题目不宜过大,越具体越容易收集资料,从某一个侧面入手,容易深入。

瞄准主流文献,随时整理

文献资料是撰写好学术论文的基础。选择文献时应选择本学科的核心期刊、经典著作等,要注意所选文献的代表性、可靠性及科学性;选择文献应先看近期的(近3~5年),后看远期的,广泛阅读资料,有必要时还应找到有关文献所引用的原文阅读,在阅读时,注意做好读书卡片或读书笔记。

整理资料时,要注意按照问题来组织文献资料,写文献综述时不是将看过的资料都罗列和陈述出来,而是要按照一定的'思路将其提炼出来。只有这样,才能写出好的文献综述,也才能写出好的开题报告,进而为写出好的论文打下基础。

研究目标具体而不死板

一般开题报告都要求明确学位论文的研究目标,但笔者认为,研究目标不宜规定得太死板,这是因为,即使条件一定,目标是偏高还是偏低,往往难于准确判断,研究工作本身,涉及求知因素,各个实验室条件不同,具体研究时条件也不同。学位论文选题和研究目标体现了研究工作的价值特征。

搜索技能篇

google学术搜索

google学术搜索的功能可以说是相当强大,这里先介绍了几个实用的小技能~

查找图书馆试用资源

试试搜索栏里输入:"intitle:试用数据库 inurl:lib" 便可以快速找到各高校图书馆的免费资源了。这些密码虽然持久不了,但是足够解燃眉之急。这是一个密码页。你可以保存起来,说不定今后你会用到它们。

需要说明的是:百度查找中文的期刊还是很管用,因为百度中文页面更新很快,而google在中文方面就不是很在行了,但是英文网页,google则是一个星期更新一次,频率较快,优先采用检索国外数据!

站内直接搜索

谷歌对于一些流量大户,比如知乎,直接在搜索结果页面呈现了站内搜索框,很是方便。

InfoSeek

提供全文检索功能,并有较细致的分类目录,还可搜索图像。网页收录极其丰富,以西文为主,支持简体和繁体中文检索,但中文网页收录较少。查询时能够识别大小写和成语,且支持逻辑条件限制查询(AND、OR、NOT等)。高级检索功能较强,另有字典、事件查询、黄页、股票报价等多种服务。

Wolfram Alpha

图表数据伸手可得的神器!

Wolfram Alpha是一个绘图计算器、在线图书馆、和搜寻引擎的综合体。它不像Google一样给出零碎的混杂的内容,而是直接将每一帧信息拼接成有效的影像,更直观地呈现结果。

举个例子,想要了解中国人口数量变化,Wolfram Alpha会直接给出折线图;相当的方便、直观。

英文论文开题报告是一篇高质量论文的开始,只有良好的开端,才可以给你的论文奠定坚实的基础。

最新英语论文的开题报告范文

1 introduction

the intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of descriptive translation studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. from then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. among these schools is descriptive translation studies (dts).

dts approaches translation from an empirical perspective. translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

my attention was first directed to dts by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. the subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

the method of dts is basically descriptive. the prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. translation phenomena are noted down. with accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. i will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.

a convenient tool has been set up to conduct dts. “norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.

the case taken in this thesis is the chinese classic the dream of red mansions. two english versions translated respectively by yang hsien-yi and david hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.

in this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, i hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of dts.

2 outline

2.1 development and major concepts of dts

in this part i will describe holms’ basic map of dts and the relationship between function, process and product. i will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.

2.2 methodolgy

i will in this part discuss the methodology of dts before i apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.

2.3 dts in contrast to other theories

a contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of dts from other theories such as equivalence theory and the chinese xin da ya criteria. some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.

2.4 case study

in this part, translation of the dream of red mansions (also translated as the story of the stone) will be under investigation in light of dts. translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.

2.5 conclusion

based on the above elaboration of dts and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of dts in specific study of translation. suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.

(note: while the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)

论文开题报告用英语怎么写的

Proposal 更正式点 opening speech;opening report;Thesis Proposal 也都可以 但多数都用Proposal 如博士论文开题 Doctoral Dissertation Proposal

明显就是中式英文。Thesis Presentation。

综述:opening report可以,用Proposal更正式点。

重点词汇:Proposal

英[prə'pəʊzl]

释义:

n.提议,建议;(计划、建议等的)提出;求婚

[复数:proposals]

短语:

The Proposal假结婚;爱情限时签;求婚的恶魔;弄假成真

词语使用变化:proposal

n.(名词)

1、proposal表示“提议,建议”时,其后可接介词短语或动词不定式作定语,也可接that从句作同位语。

2、proposal所接由that引起的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词须用虚拟语气。

3、proposal作为名词时,后面通常跟带to的不定式和名词。

好的,英语论文开题报告我给你做帮您完成.

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